유튜브 영상을 다운로드할 수 있는 방법은 많은데, 다운로드를 도와주는 홈페이지를 이용하면 간편하지만 받을 수 있는 화질이 한정적입니다. 4K Video Downloader 라는 프로그램을 이용할 수도 있는데, 고화질로 다운로드할 수 있지만 고급 기능은 빠져 있는 것 같은 느낌이 들 때가 있습니다.
이럴 때 사용할 수 있는 프로그램이 youtube-dl 이라는 툴인데, 명령어를 직접 입력해서 받는 방식이기 때문에 복잡하고 번거롭긴 하지만... 유튜브 영상 품질을 본인이 세세하게 지정할 수 있기 때문에 배울 점이 많을 것입니다. 근본적인 부분에 대한 고민을 하게 되겠지요.
저도 이번에 youtube-dl 프로그램을 처음 써보게 되었는데,
어떤 옵션들이 있는지 몰라서 도움말을 읽어보려 했는데... 양이 많더군요.
그래서 블로그에 올려 놓고 틈틈이 읽으면서 주석을 달아볼 계획입니다.
[aaa@aaa-manjaro ~]\$ youtube-dl --help
Usage: youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
Options:
General Options:
-h, --help Print this help text and exit
(도움말 텍스트를 출력한 다음 종료합니다.)
--version Print program version and exit
(버전을 출력한 다음 종료합니다.)
-U, --update Update this program to latest version. Make sure
that you have sufficient permissions (run with sudo
if needed)
(최신 버전으로 업데이트 합니다. 충분한 권한이 부여됐는지 확인하세요(필요하다면 sudo 와 함께 실행하세요.))
-i, --ignore-errors Continue on download errors, for example to skip
unavailable videos in a playlist
(다운로드 에러가 발생하더라도 계속함. 예를 들어, 재생목록에 (다운로드) 불가능한 비디오를 건너뛰기 위함.)
--abort-on-error Abort downloading of further videos (in the
playlist or the command line) if an error occurs
--dump-user-agent Display the current browser identification
--list-extractors List all supported extractors
--extractor-descriptions Output descriptions of all supported extractors
--force-generic-extractor Force extraction to use the generic extractor
--default-search PREFIX Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For example
"gvsearch2:" downloads two videos from google
videos for youtube-dl "large apple". Use the value
"auto" to let youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning" to
emit a warning when guessing). "error" just throws
an error. The default value "fixup_error" repairs
broken URLs, but emits an error if this is not
possible instead of searching.
--ignore-config Do not read configuration files. When given in the
global configuration file /etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do
not read the user configuration in
~/.config/youtube-dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-
dl/config.txt on Windows)
--config-location PATH Location of the configuration file; either the path
to the config or its containing directory.
--flat-playlist Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list
them.
--mark-watched Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
--no-mark-watched Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)
--no-color Do not emit color codes in output
Network Options:
--proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. To enable
SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme. For example
socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty string
(--proxy "") for direct connection
--socket-timeout SECONDS Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
--source-address IP Client-side IP address to bind to
-4, --force-ipv4 Make all connections via IPv4
-6, --force-ipv6 Make all connections via IPv6
Geo Restriction:
--geo-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some
geo-restricted sites. The default proxy specified
by --proxy (or none, if the option is not present)
is used for the actual downloading.
--geo-bypass Bypass geographic restriction via faking
X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
--no-geo-bypass Do not bypass geographic restriction via faking
X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
--geo-bypass-country CODE Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly
provided two-letter ISO 3166-2 country code
--geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly
provided IP block in CIDR notation
Video Selection:
--playlist-start NUMBER Playlist video to start at (default is 1)
--playlist-end NUMBER Playlist video to end at (default is last)
--playlist-items ITEM_SPEC Playlist video items to download. Specify indices
of the videos in the playlist separated by commas
like: "--playlist-items 1,2,5,8" if you want to
download videos indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist.
You can specify range: "--playlist-items
1-3,7,10-13", it will download the videos at index
1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
--match-title REGEX Download only matching titles (regex or caseless
sub-string)
--reject-title REGEX Skip download for matching titles (regex or
caseless sub-string)
--max-downloads NUMBER Abort after downloading NUMBER files
--min-filesize SIZE Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g.
50k or 44.6m)
--max-filesize SIZE Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g.
50k or 44.6m)
--date DATE Download only videos uploaded in this date
--datebefore DATE Download only videos uploaded on or before this
date (i.e. inclusive)
--dateafter DATE Download only videos uploaded on or after this date
(i.e. inclusive)
--min-views COUNT Do not download any videos with less than COUNT
views
--max-views COUNT Do not download any videos with more than COUNT
views
--match-filter FILTER Generic video filter. Specify any key (see the
"OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a list of available keys) to
match if the key is present, !key to check if the
key is not present, key > NUMBER (like
"comment_count > 12", also works with >=, <, <=,
!=, =) to compare against a number, key = 'LITERAL'
(like "uploader = 'Mike Smith'", also works with
!=) to match against a string literal and & to
require multiple matches. Values which are not
known are excluded unless you put a question mark
(?) after the operator. For example, to only match
videos that have been liked more than 100 times and
disliked less than 50 times (or the dislike
functionality is not available at the given
service), but who also have a description, use
--match-filter "like_count > 100 & dislike_count <?
50 & description" .
--no-playlist Download only the video, if the URL refers to a
video and a playlist.
--yes-playlist Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video
and a playlist.
--age-limit YEARS Download only videos suitable for the given age
--download-archive FILE Download only videos not listed in the archive
file. Record the IDs of all downloaded videos in it.
--include-ads Download advertisements as well (experimental)
Download Options:
-r, --limit-rate RATE Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g. 50K
or 4.2M)
-R, --retries RETRIES Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite".
--fragment-retries RETRIES Number of retries for a fragment (default is 10),
or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and ISM)
--skip-unavailable-fragments Skip unavailable fragments (DASH, hlsnative and
ISM)
--abort-on-unavailable-fragment Abort downloading when some fragment is not
available
--keep-fragments Keep downloaded fragments on disk after downloading
is finished; fragments are erased by default
--buffer-size SIZE Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K) (default
is 1024)
--no-resize-buffer Do not automatically adjust the buffer size. By
default, the buffer size is automatically resized
from an initial value of SIZE.
--http-chunk-size SIZE Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP downloading
(e.g. 10485760 or 10M) (default is disabled). May
be useful for bypassing bandwidth throttling
imposed by a webserver (experimental)
--playlist-reverse Download playlist videos in reverse order
--playlist-random Download playlist videos in random order
--xattr-set-filesize Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected
file size
--hls-prefer-native Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg
--hls-prefer-ffmpeg Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS downloader
--hls-use-mpegts Use the mpegts container for HLS videos, allowing
to play the video while downloading (some players
may not be able to play it)
--external-downloader COMMAND Use the specified external downloader. Currently
supports aria2c,avconv,axel,curl,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
--external-downloader-args ARGS Give these arguments to the external downloader
Filesystem Options:
-a, --batch-file FILE File containing URLs to download ('-' for stdin),
one URL per line. Lines starting with '#', ';' or
']' are considered as comments and ignored.
--id Use only video ID in file name
-o, --output TEMPLATE Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE"
for all the info
--output-na-placeholder PLACEHOLDER Placeholder value for unavailable meta fields in
output filename template (default is "NA")
--autonumber-start NUMBER Specify the start value for %(autonumber)s (default
is 1)
--restrict-filenames Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and
avoid "&" and spaces in filenames
-w, --no-overwrites Do not overwrite files
-c, --continue Force resume of partially downloaded files. By
default, youtube-dl will resume downloads if
possible.
--no-continue Do not resume partially downloaded files (restart
from beginning)
--no-part Do not use .part files - write directly into output
file
--no-mtime Do not use the Last-modified header to set the file
modification time
--write-description Write video description to a .description file
--write-info-json Write video metadata to a .info.json file
--write-annotations Write video annotations to a .annotations.xml file
--load-info-json FILE JSON file containing the video information (created
with the "--write-info-json" option)
--cookies FILE File to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in
--cache-dir DIR Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl can
store some downloaded information permanently. By
default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube-dl or
~/.cache/youtube-dl . At the moment, only YouTube
player files (for videos with obfuscated
signatures) are cached, but that may change.
--no-cache-dir Disable filesystem caching
--rm-cache-dir Delete all filesystem cache files
Thumbnail Options:
--write-thumbnail Write thumbnail image to disk
--write-all-thumbnails Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
--list-thumbnails Simulate and list all available thumbnail formats
Verbosity / Simulation Options:
-q, --quiet Activate quiet mode
--no-warnings Ignore warnings
-s, --simulate Do not download the video and do not write anything
to disk
--skip-download Do not download the video
-g, --get-url Simulate, quiet but print URL
-e, --get-title Simulate, quiet but print title
--get-id Simulate, quiet but print id
--get-thumbnail Simulate, quiet but print thumbnail URL
--get-description Simulate, quiet but print video description
--get-duration Simulate, quiet but print video length
--get-filename Simulate, quiet but print output filename
--get-format Simulate, quiet but print output format
-j, --dump-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information. See the
"OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a description of available
keys.
-J, --dump-single-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information for each
command-line argument. If the URL refers to a
playlist, dump the whole playlist information in a
single line.
--print-json Be quiet and print the video information as JSON
(video is still being downloaded).
--newline Output progress bar as new lines
--no-progress Do not print progress bar
--console-title Display progress in console titlebar
-v, --verbose Print various debugging information
--dump-pages Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to
debug problems (very verbose)
--write-pages Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the
current directory to debug problems
--print-traffic Display sent and read HTTP traffic
-C, --call-home Contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
--no-call-home Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
Workarounds:
--encoding ENCODING Force the specified encoding (experimental)
--no-check-certificate Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
--prefer-insecure Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve
information about the video. (Currently supported
only for YouTube)
--user-agent UA Specify a custom user agent
--referer URL Specify a custom referer, use if the video access
is restricted to one domain
--add-header FIELD:VALUE Specify a custom HTTP header and its value,
separated by a colon ':'. You can use this option
multiple times
--bidi-workaround Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text
support. Requires bidiv or fribidi executable in
PATH
--sleep-interval SECONDS Number of seconds to sleep before each download
when used alone or a lower bound of a range for
randomized sleep before each download (minimum
possible number of seconds to sleep) when used
along with --max-sleep-interval.
--max-sleep-interval SECONDS Upper bound of a range for randomized sleep before
each download (maximum possible number of seconds
to sleep). Must only be used along with --min-
sleep-interval.
Video Format Options:
-f, --format FORMAT Video format code, see the "FORMAT SELECTION" for
all the info
--all-formats Download all available video formats
--prefer-free-formats Prefer free video formats unless a specific one is
requested
-F, --list-formats List all available formats of requested videos
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest Do not download the DASH manifests and related data
on YouTube videos
--merge-output-format FORMAT If a merge is required (e.g. bestvideo+bestaudio),
output to given container format. One of mkv, mp4,
ogg, webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is required
Subtitle Options:
--write-sub Write subtitle file
--write-auto-sub Write automatically generated subtitle file
(YouTube only)
--all-subs Download all the available subtitles of the video
--list-subs List all available subtitles for the video
--sub-format FORMAT Subtitle format, accepts formats preference, for
example: "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
--sub-lang LANGS Languages of the subtitles to download (optional)
separated by commas, use --list-subs for available
language tags
Authentication Options:
-u, --username USERNAME Login with this account ID
-p, --password PASSWORD Account password. If this option is left out,
youtube-dl will ask interactively.
-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR Two-factor authentication code
-n, --netrc Use .netrc authentication data
--video-password PASSWORD Video password (vimeo, youku)
Adobe Pass Options:
--ap-mso MSO Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV provider)
identifier, use --ap-list-mso for a list of
available MSOs
--ap-username USERNAME Multiple-system operator account login
--ap-password PASSWORD Multiple-system operator account password. If this
option is left out, youtube-dl will ask
interactively.
--ap-list-mso List all supported multiple-system operators
Post-processing Options:
-x, --extract-audio Convert video files to audio-only files (requires
ffmpeg/avconv and ffprobe/avprobe)
--audio-format FORMAT Specify audio format: "best", "aac", "flac", "mp3",
"m4a", "opus", "vorbis", or "wav"; "best" by
default; No effect without -x
--audio-quality QUALITY Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert a value
between 0 (better) and 9 (worse) for VBR or a
specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
--recode-video FORMAT Encode the video to another format if necessary
(currently supported: mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
--postprocessor-args ARGS Give these arguments to the postprocessor
-k, --keep-video Keep the video file on disk after the post-
processing; the video is erased by default
--no-post-overwrites Do not overwrite post-processed files; the post-
processed files are overwritten by default
--embed-subs Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4, webm
and mkv videos)
--embed-thumbnail Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
--add-metadata Write metadata to the video file
--metadata-from-title FORMAT Parse additional metadata like song title / artist
from the video title. The format syntax is the same
as --output. Regular expression with named capture
groups may also be used. The parsed parameters
replace existing values. Example: --metadata-from-
title "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a title like
"Coldplay - Paradise". Example (regex): --metadata-
from-title "(?P<artist>.+?) - (?P<title>.+)"
--xattrs Write metadata to the video file's xattrs (using
dublin core and xdg standards)
--fixup POLICY Automatically correct known faults of the file. One
of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning),
detect_or_warn (the default; fix file if we can,
warn otherwise)
--prefer-avconv Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
postprocessors
--prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
postprocessors (default)
--ffmpeg-location PATH Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary; either the
path to the binary or its containing directory.
--exec CMD Execute a command on the file after downloading and
post-processing, similar to find's -exec syntax.
Example: --exec 'adb push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm
{}'
--convert-subs FORMAT Convert the subtitles to other format (currently
supported: srt|ass|vtt|lrc)
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